February 28, 2003
Rancho Esmeralda Invaded

Today, after a long standoff, threats and violence against the owners and staff, Rancho Esmeralda was invaded by members of the neighboring Zapatista community. Here is the press release in English. The Spanish version is below (click MORE).

Words can't express the sadness we feel for Glenn and Ellen, for Ocosingo, for Chiapas, and for the Zapatista movement, which has betrayed its principles by this action. Soon comes the twisting of the facts and the spin based on ideologies. For now, only grief for the lost ideals on all sides.

In English:

PRESS RELEASE

RANCHO ESMERALDA

Ocosingo, Chiapas

Tel. 91967 08960 or 08922

February 28, 2003

Today, Friday, the 28th of February the American-owned ecoturistic hotel, Rancho Esmeralda, in Ocosingo, Chiapas, Mexico was invaded and taken by the Zapatista neighbors of Nuevo Jerusalen and the Autonomous Municipality "Primero de Enero". At 7AM about 100 men, armed with machetes began to gather at the ranch entrance. The two employees who were on the ranch, Vicente Sanchez Lopez and Ruben Cruz Kanter, contacted the owners warned them that an invasion appeared imminent. The owners immediately informed the authorities including the offices of Public Security, the Gobernacion Delegate in Ocosingo, the state Secretary of Government and the office of the Governor.

At about 8:30 the police arrived at the entrance to the Tonina ruins where the walking path that accesses Rancho Esmeralda begins. But they could not enter the ranch without an order from the state Secretary of Government, Emilio Zebadua, who was not available. Representatives from the Gobernacion Delegation and the Secretary of Pueblos Indigenous also arrived but were unable to enter the ranch which was by now surrounded by Zapatistas.


The owners of Rancho Esmeralda informed both local and state authorities of the threat of invasion for the first time on the 13th of December, 2002 after they had been called to a meeting by the community Nuevo Jerusalen. At this meeting the owners were informed that road access to the tourism center was closed to all guests, visitors and suppliers of Rancho Esmeralda. The Zapatistas also demanded the title to the ranch. In the two and a half months since the owners have been struggling to find a peaceful solution to this problem in the face of further threats and harassment. On January 29th the Zapatistas closed the road to Rancho Esmeralda totally and put a lock on the illegal gate they had installed on the Carretera San Juanito, the public road of 36 years that accesses Rancho Esmeralda.


That evening when the owner, Glen Wersch, returned from town he was attacked by a mob of Zapatistas hurling rocks and trying to stop his vehicle and grab him. The next day an employee of the ranch, Ernesto Cruz Kanter, was kidnapped by the Zapatistas, held hostage for six hours, beaten and released with a written note directed to the owner that said, "we are not playing games, we don't want you here, if you don't understand next time it will be worse". With these acts of violence and threats of more the ranch was completely closed to tourism. On the 29th of January Ellen Jones, the wife of Glen Wersch and co-owner of Rancho Esmeralda, filed charges against Nuevo Jerusalen for the kidnapping of Ernesto Cruz and for threats of invasion.


The owners and employees of Rancho Esmeralda have maintained possession of the ranch throughout the month of February until today when the Zapatistas invaded and took the ranch. The employees were under instruction not to resist in the event that an invasion should take place. The Zapatistas demanded the keys to the buildings and the employees delivered the keys that they had in their possession to the invaders. The Zapatistas inspected each building, together with the two employees, and filmed every building with a video camera. Finally, the two employees were allowed to leave the ranch with their personal belongings but none of the things that remained belonging to the ranch.

The Mexican authorities have been fully informed of the threatened invasion of Rancho Esmeralda for over two months. Criminal charges of kidnapping and threats of invasion had been filed for a full month. There has been ample opportunity to avoid the invasion of the tourist guest ranch but the state government chose to do nothing. In fact, just 10 days ago, at a meeting in his office in the state capital, Tuxtla Gutierrez, the state Secretary of Government, Emilio Zebadua, told the owners of Rancho Esmeralda clearly that the state of Chiapas would definitely not take any action to remove the illegal gate on the San Juanito road or send in any police to protect the ranch.


The owners, Glen Wersch and Ellen Jones remain in Ocosingo struggling to find a solution to this crisis. Today they filed charges against the community for invasion of the ranch. "We were forced from our home, our tourism business has been ruined and now our ranch has been taken", said Ellen Jones, "This has been a robbery in plain daylight with threats in writing for two months". This did not have to happen. We will seek justice."

En Espanol:

Rancho Esmeralda
Ocosingo, Chiapas
telefono celular 91967 08960 o 08922
Declaracion a la Prensa

28 de Febrero 2003

Hoy, Viernes, 28 de Febrero el centro turístico, Rancho Esmeralda, fue tomado por sus vecinos Zapatistas, los de la comunidad Nuevo Jerusalen y el Municipio Autonomo "Primero de Enero". A las 7 de la manana empezaron a juntarses unos 100 hombres con machetes en la entrada del Rancho Esmeralda. Los dos empleados, Vicente Sanchez Lopez y Ruben Cruz Kanter, quienes estaban en el rancho avisaron los duenos por telefono celular y de una vez las autoridades fueron avisados, incluyendo la oficina de Seguridad Publica, el Delegado de Gobernacion en Ocosingo, El Secretario de Gobierno, y la oficina del Gobernador del Estado. A las 8:30 de la manana llegaron elementos de la Seguridad Publica a las ruinas de Tonina pero no pudieron entrar al Rancho Esmeralda por falta de un orden del Secretario de Gobierno, Emilio Zebadua, quien se encontro no disponible. Despues llegaron representantes de la S.E.P.I. Y del Delegado de Gobierno en Ocosingo pero no entraron al Rancho Esmeralda ya como el rancho estaba rodeado por Zapatistas.

Los duenos de Rancho Esmeralda avisaron a las autoridades de la amenaza de invasion por primera vez el 13 de Diciembre despues de que ellos estuvieron citados a una reunion por la comunidad Nuevo Jerusalen en donde les avisaron del cierre del acceso por carretera a todos los clientes, visitantes y proveedores de Rancho Esmeralda y les exigieron la escritura del rancho. Paso un mes y media de hostigamientos y amenazas por parte de los Zapatistas mientras los duenos buscaron una solucion pacifica. El 29 de Enero los vecinos cerraron el paso total para los del Rancho Esmeralda y pusieron un candado puesto en el porton ilegal que impidio paso en la via publica, la Carretara San Juanito.

Regresando al rancho el dueno, Glen Wersch, fue atacado con piedras por un grupo de los Zapatistas con la intencion de detenerlo y agarrarle. El 30 de Enero un empleado, Ernesto Cruz Kanter, fue secuestrado y golpeado por los Zapatistas y le soltaron con una nota escrita dirijido al dueno del Rancho Esmeralda que dijo "no se juega, no te queremos aqui, proxima vez se iba mas peor si no se entiende". Con estos actos de violencia y amenazas de mas se cerro el centro turistico Rancho Esmeralda a todo turismo. El 29 de Enero Ellen Jones, la esposa de Glen Wersch, levanto una acta de denuncia en contra de la comunidad Nuevo Jerusalen por el secuestro de Ernesto Cruz Kanter y las amenazas de invasion del rancho.

Entre los duenos y el personal del Rancho se han mantenido posession del rancho ya por todo el mes de Febrero; hasta hoy en la manana cuando los Zapatistas entraron. De los dos empleados los Zapatistas exigieron las llaves de los edificios y los empleados se les entregaron. Los Zapatistas revisaron cada edificio grabando todo que se encontro con camera de video. Al fin de cuentas dejaron salir los dos empleados con sus cosas personales pero nada que pertenece al rancho.

Las autoridades tuvieron conocimiento de la amenaza de invasion del Rancho Esmeralda por mas de dos meses. La denuncia en contra de la comunidad por secuestro y por amenaza de invasion tiene un mes. Habia oportunidad amplia para evitar la toma de este centro turistico pero el gobierno no hizo nada. Al contrario hace 10 dias en una reunion en su oficina en Tuxtla Gutierrez el 19 de Febrero el Secretario de Gobierno del Estado de Chiapas, Emilio Zebadua, dijo claro a los duenos del Rancho Esmeralda que el estado no iba a quitar el porton ilegal ni meter policia para proteger el rancho.


Los duenos, Glen Wersch y Ellen Jones, permanecen en Ocosingo buscando una solucion justa de este conflicto. Hoy mismo estan haciendo una denuncia en contra de Nuevo Jerusalen por la toma del Rancho Esmeralda. "Tuvimos que salir a la fuerza de nuestro hogar, nuestro negocio de ecoturismo esta destruido, y ahora tomaron el rancho", dijo Ellen Jones, "Ha pasado un robo en pleno sol con aviso escrito en adelante por dos meses. No tenia que pasar todo esto. Buscamos justicia.

Posted by Dave at 07:42 PM
Mesoweb Palenque Update

And back to my original mission:

Joel Skidmore has posted a new feature on the latest at Palenque. It covers the new displays in the museum, which I saw for the first time last Friday. A big improvement and, finally, a home for the Temple XIX stuccos and carvings.

Mesoweb Features - What's New in Palenque: February 2003

Posted by Dave at 05:46 PM
Privacy spill from Davos

Okay, I didn't start this weblog to discuss war or politics or economics. But there are a few things I run across that I feel like passing on.

From Slashdot, links to an email written by a journalist at Davos, the World Economic Forum. A fascinating snapshot of the thinking of the world elite at this moment.

Intended for a few friends, it made its way around the internet to thousands. And now I'm contributing to the "privacy spill." This spill itself and its implications are discussed on a Yale University website called LawMeme:

LawMeme: Legal Bricolage for a Technological Age - Accidental Privacy Spills: Musings on Privacy, Democracy, and the Internet

Posted by Dave at 05:24 PM
Guatemala's Dark Past

Two horrifying stories of Guatemalans dealing with their recent history, from the New York Times and Reuters.

Guatemalans Try to Mend Ties Snapped by War

War Violence Looms Large as Guatemala Digs Up Past

Posted by Dave at 09:27 AM
Barlow, Cheney reactions

My entry on Barlow's essay regarding Cheney elicited some strong reactions that deserve a reading. Here are two of them.

*********

I am not impressed by John Perry Barlows logic whether it is concerning his bad driving habits or his justification(?) of Dick Cheney.

So Dick didn't really want to start Armegeddon and he really doesn't want to fight Iraq. Its all only a "bluff".

Am I supposed to be comforted by this? I'm not. As any decent poker player will tell you a bluff only works if you are willing to live with the concequences if the other card players don't buy it. A few dollars lost in a card game is a reasonable risk, but nuclear holocast or a war that risks the lives of tens or hundreds of thousands is a bad risk.

*************

Cheney is a co-founder of the Project for the New American Century, along with Rumsfeld and several other architects of the Bush administration's current policies. The PNAC's reports (e.g. "Rebuilding America's Defenses") explicitly call for the US to fight wars in order to demonstrate its military might, with the goal of US hegemony over the world (Barlow got this part sort of right). This doesn't jibe with Barlow's theory that Cheney et al are just bluffing and really aren't interested in war - they've made it quite clear that they want it. Unless their reports were also part of some elaborate bluff, which would be odd considering they weren't part of the government when they wrote them.

As for Cheney being a "man of principle" and "indifferent to greed", I can only assume Barlow is basing this on his personal interactions with the man. The public record paints a very different picture. As CEO of Halliburton, Cheney played accounting tricks to hide liabilities in order to maintain the stock price, then sold $18 million in stock just before it tanked, and finally received a $20 million retirement package he wasn't entitled to. All of this while cutting tens of millions in employee retirement benefits. What motivation other than greed would explain this?

There's a lot of other tripe in here as well. For one the assertion that the Soviet Union "capitulated" in the face of US nuclear superiority and perceived irrationality, when in fact it simply collapsed economically. For another the notion that there was ever a "symmetrical balance of power" between the US and USSR. While it's true that each could annihilate the other completely, in economic and conventional military terms it was never close.

In any case we'll see how this all plays out very soon. Even though I don't think it's Cheney's motivation, I think the scenarios Barlow mentions (coup or exile for Saddam) are probably the best that can be hoped for at this point. At least the Iraqis will be spared from barrages of cruise missiles and who knows what else.

Posted by Dave at 09:19 AM
February 27, 2003
Hacktivism

In an essay referring to the cyber attack on the Mexican Supreme court in October, there is an interesting discussion of the difference between online protest and cyber-crime.

The Great Software Debate: Technology and Ideology - Part Three :: PNNOnline ::

"...the famous Chiapas denial of service (DoS) attack attributed to the Electronic Disturbance Theater was an act of civil disobedience, commonly referred to as hacktivism. Hacktivism promotes social causes online, in this case the plight of the indigenous people of Chiapas Mexico. In the current world context, what application of technology constitutes criminal behavior, terrorism or hacktivism/civil disobedience?"

Posted by Dave at 12:14 PM
February 26, 2003
Barlow, Cheney, Mexican Bus Drivers

One of my favorite writers and thinkers, on Dick Cheney. I've been doing a lot of driving here in Chiapas, and I appreciate his analogy when discussing Reagan-era policy. It may apply now as well.

SYMPATHY FOR THE DEVIL by John Perry Barlow

"What I was not thinking about, however, was the technique I once used to avoid being run off the road by Mexican bus drivers, back when their roads were narrower and their bus drivers even more macho. Whenever I saw a bus barrelling down the centerline at me, I would start driving unpredictably, weaving from shoulder to shoulder as though muy borracho. As soon as I started to radiate dangerously low regard for my own preservation, the bus would slow down and move over. As it turned out, this is more or less what Cheney and his phalanx of Big Stategic Thinkers were doing, if one imagined the Soviet Union as a speeding Mexican bus."

Posted by Dave at 12:21 AM
February 25, 2003
More 802.11g

From Tim Higgins at Small Net Builder, more info on the new 802.11g wireless standard.

802.11g NTK - Part 1

802.11g NTK - Part 2

Posted by Dave at 11:48 PM
Amber in Simojovel

Good story in Reuters by Lizzie Fullerton, on the amber miners in Simojovel:

Once-Precious Amber Scarcely Buys Bread in Mexico

Posted by Dave at 11:35 PM
February 24, 2003
DNA Computer the Fastest

United Press International: DNA computer sets Guinness record

Posted by Dave at 09:14 PM
We'll do Manhattan

In Boston, a model for my dream.

CNN.com - Low-income housing goes wireless - Feb. 24, 2003

Posted by Dave at 05:45 PM
February 21, 2003
Man-Eating Flies?

Can't Google find other news from Chiapas? Can't Reuters? Can't I?

Actually, it's an interesting story, with a horror-movie headline.

Grisly Mexico Factory Breeds Man-Eating Flies

Posted by Dave at 09:29 PM
Hero Bookseller

From Patrick Nielsen Hayden's Electrolite weblog, a link to a CNN story about a bookseller who is a hero in these dangerous times.

CNN.com - Bookseller purges files to avoid potential 'Patriot Act' searches - Feb. 20, 2003

Posted by Dave at 09:18 PM
Ron Canter - Usu Portages

Ron Canter has sent in an update to an earlier note on portages in the Usumacinta watershed. The full text is below. (Click MORE)

In looking at other rivers around the world, three stand out as good
analogs to the Usumacinta: the Nile, the Ch'ang Chiang, and the Rhine. All
are ancient highways, all are replete with ancient cities and forts, and
all have a gorge section between an easy upper basin and a flat lowland
section. Aswan Dam has been a disaster for Egyptian antiquities, and the
Three Gorges Dam promises to be even worse for China in a lot of ways.
Germany doesn't dare dam the Rhine because of all the castles and towns
that would be lost. Nuff said.
Ron

Posted by Dave at 08:27 PM
February 19, 2003
Fox Opposes Iraq war

From Susana Hayward and Janet Schwartz:

KR Washington Bureau | 02/19/2003 | Mexico's Fox remains opposed to U.S. attack on Iraq

Posted by Dave at 11:31 PM
Archaeology Magazine - Dams

Jason McGahan has a good summary of the current state of the dam controversy. Its focus is the threat to archaeological sites near Boca del Cerro.

Maya Sites Face Flooding

Posted by Dave at 11:22 PM
February 18, 2003
Wireless - 802.11g "Extreme"

A good summary of the new 802.11g standard, which Apple has pushed into the mainstream with its new AirPort base stations. Besides speed, the main new feature is the bridging capability.

Airshare.org - Learn - 802.11g's Extreme Emergence

Posted by Dave at 02:36 PM
404 of Mass Destruction

Via Doc Searls, a timely parody of the "404 webpage not found" message that all of us have gotten at one time or another.

Cannot find Weapons of Mass Destruction

Posted by Dave at 02:06 PM
February 17, 2003
New Aridjis editorial in Reforma

Homero Aridjis has a new editorial in Reforma on the Usumacinta and the CFE.

La CFE en el río de los monos

Posted by Dave at 09:05 PM
February 13, 2003
Mesh boxes for free broadband

For my files, toward the creation of a mesh network in the Lower Eastside of Manhattan. Also in Panchan, Palenque, Mexico.

From Wired via Slashdot:

Wired News: Mesh Less Cost of Wireless

Posted by Dave at 04:01 PM
Kayakers on Jatate pulled out, detained

Here is a link to a first-person account of the recent Jatate kayaking incident in which kayakers were pulled off the river and detained.

Posted by Dave at 03:22 PM
Reuters Rancho Esmeralda

It's like a ghost town now - empty but intact. They haven't yet destroyed the ranch, just the dream. From Reuters:

Chiapas Indians Destroy Ranch Dream of U.S. Couple

Posted by Dave at 02:52 PM
NPR report, Rancho Esmeralda

Gerry Hadden of NPR was in Ocosingo with Glen and Ellen the day before I got there. Here's his report.

NPR : Chiapas

Posted by Dave at 02:38 PM
February 12, 2003
Digital Divide projects

Sam Churchil at Daily Wireless has a summary of new projects addressing the digital divide, some good, some bad.

DailyWireless - Cashing in on the Digital Divide

"Kentucky has listed broadband among the inalienable rights of the state's low-income housing residents."

Posted by Dave at 12:06 PM
Lacandones invade land

Janet Schwartz has sent in a story about invasion of another tourist center, this time one that is Mexican-owned, by Lacandones. Full story is below (click MORE).

I'm curious how this fits into the neat worldview of those who have commented that Glen and Ellen had it coming.

JANET SCHWARTZ PARNES

El domingo pasado se presentó un grupo de personas habitantes de Nueva Palestina,
Frontera Corozal y Lacanja, al terreno que tiene el tour operador, Gerver
Castellanos, en el poblado Paraiso de la colonia agricola Nuevo Guerrero, el cual
posea hace apenas un año, con escrituras registradas en el registro Publico de la
Propiedad de Ocosingo, terreno que compró a pequeños propietarios que tienen la
documentacion base desde el año de 1951, registrada en el 82 en el registro de
Ocosingo como pequeña propiedad. Ademas del proyecto turistico, ahi
estableceria las reproducciones de estelas mayas con datos de investigacion
arqueologica acerca de la cuenca del Usumacinta y un proyecto de siembra de 15
especies forestales.
Esto es lo que constituye lo que él llama "centro de interpretacion de la selva"
incluyendo un museo al aire libre acerca de las monterias, chiclerias y shaterias.
De acuerdo a ¨Herbert¨, ¨Pues bien, los lideres comunales, bajo el pretexto que todo
el terreno es de ellos, invadieron mis cuatro hectareas y acabaron con todo,
llevandose inclusive un vehiculo y a las personas que cuidaban las instalaciones.
¨Hoy hable por telefono con ellos a un telefono satelital y despues de escuchar sus
explicaciones me advirtieron que si llegaba por alla, me iban a amarrar¨, manifestó
Castellanos en un mensaje enviado por correo electronico.
Además Castellanos informa que ya presentó una denuncia ante el ministerio publico
el lunes por los delitos de despojo, robo, privacion ilegal de la libertad y los que
resulten en contra de las autoridades de estos poblados.
En tanto dijo: ¨Lo que me preocupa mas es la condicion de mis trabajadores que hasta
la noche del lunes al parecer no habian sido liberados. (he tenido llamadas de los
vecinos informandome, de la invasion, de la destruccion de las instalaciones, pero
hasta ahora no me dan informes de la gente que trabaja conmigo alli)¨
En efecto, se pregunta si realmente vale la pena hacer cualquier tipo de inversion
en Chiapas y si es cierto de que en Chiapas no existen las invasiones. ¨Si mi
terreno fuera un latifundio, pero en verdad ni extranjero soy para que eso sea un
pretexto¨, concluyó.

A continuación sigue una copia de la carta que le envió al secretario particular del
Secretario de Gobierno, Emilio Zebadua.

*****
San Cristóbal de Las Casas, 10 Feb 2003-02-10

Lic. Jorge Marquez

Secretaría de Gobierno de Chiapas.- Vía Fax 6126663.-

Apreciable Licenciado,

Como le comente telefónicamente, el día de ayer Domingo, un grupo de la comunidad
Lacandona incluyendo personas de Frontera Corozal, Lacanja Chansayab y Nueva
Palestina tomaron un pequeño terreno de 4 hectáreas ubicado en el kilómetro 96.8 de
la carretera Fronteriza del Sur. Desde hace muchos años me he dedicado a
actividades de turismo y a la investigación de aspectos culturales e históricos de
nuestra entidad. Aquí en esta ciudad de San Cristóbal desarrollé un espacio
cultural dedicado al trabajo de todos los pueblos prehispánicos en la piedra Jade,
incluyendo una replica a tamaño natural de la tumba del Gobernante Pakal de
Palenque. He tenido el gusto de mostrarles este trabajo que ahora constituye
parte del acervo cultural y turístico de esta ciudad a varios amigos que se
desenvuelven en diferentes áreas de nuestro gobierno estatal.

El terreno que mencióno, esta ubicado en el poblado El Paraíso que a la vez
pertenece a la zona conocida como colonia Agrícola Nuevo Guerrero. Es mí propósito
crear ahí, un "centro de interpretación de la selva" con información acerca de todos
los sitios arqueológicos a lo largo de la cuenca del Usumacinta, a la vez que tocar
temas como las monterías, las chiclerias y las shaterias -de la palma shate- que han
sido movimiento socio económicos en la historia reciente de la selva. También hemos
estado trabajando en la investigación del ambiente forestal, sembrando mas de mil
arbolitos de diferentes especies en la zona y creando un vivero con semilleros de
15 especies. En el tiempo que tenemos de estar trabajando en la zona, hemos
contratado varias personas de las comunidades aledañas, inclusive de Nueva
Palestina, para hacer todos los trabajos que ahí realizamos, inclusive el hacer
cuatro ranchones para tener espacios habitables, así como una planta modelo de
tratamiento ecológico de aguas residuales.

Nunca antes mis vecinos Lacandones, Tzeltales y Choles, se habían preocupado por
este pequeño terreno, hasta ahora que lo ven con cierta infraestructura.

El terreno lo adquirí al señor Domingo Gutierrez Miranda, quien ha vivido con su
padre por mas de 40 años en la zona y es pequeño propietario. La escritura que
hicimos hace apenas un año, después de 7 de estar yo por ahí, se desprende de otra
que ampara 20 hectáreas y que data del año 1982, la que a la vez se desprende de
otra originada en el año de 1951, todos estos pasos debidamente registrados en el
registro Publico de la Propiedad en Ocosingo Chiapas.-

Las personas que han tomado posesión ilegal de mi terreno -y que han acabado con
todo, llevandose pisos, techos, baños- argumentan que este terreno les pertenece
por mandato presidencial al igual que los otros terrenos de Nuevo Guerrero que
incluyen los poblados Nuevo México, Nuevo Petalcingo, 20 de Noviembre, El Paraíso y
el propio Nuevo Guerrero, así como terrenos de los ejidos Francisco Leon, Lacanja
Tzeltal, El Limonar, Nuevo Tumbala, Nuevo Tila y otros.- Tambien se llevaron un
vehiculo de mi propiedad, -camion de tres toneladas con redilas-.

Me preocupa el estado de las personas que trabajan para mí y que han sido retenidos,
de los cuales hasta esta hora de hoy, 07.40 PM, no he tenido noticias. Acompaño
copia de la Averiguación Previa que inicie hoy en esta ciudad, donde quedaron
anotados algunos pormenores de esta situación, agradeciéndole que le informe al Sr.
Secretario Emilio Zebadua, para que se ordene lo que proceda.-

Reiterandole mi agradeciemiento por sus atenciones;

Gerver Adolfo Castellanos Ramírez

Av. 16 de Septiembre No. 16

San Cristóbal de Las Casas, Chiapas.-

Tel. 967 82550 67 82557 casa 67 87247

c.c.p. Lic. Guillermo Sauza Brindis

Posted by Dave at 11:30 AM
February 11, 2003
In Palenque

I'm way behind in this weblog, but here's a quick update.

After a visit with Glen and Ellen, who are beginning their exile from Rancho Esmeralda, I was fortunate to take two road trips over the weekend, one to Frontera Corozal to see the new museum and the stelas there, one to Chinikiha, Boca del Cerro and Tenosique. Fellow travelers included David Stuart and his sister Ann, Joel Skidmore (whose Mesoweb site is my inspiration - Thanks, Joel!), Alfonso Morales, Julia Miller, Chris Powell, Ed Barnhart, Alonso Susan Xun and Maxam Mendez, Cathy Kahn and friends Peter and Simon.

It was instructive and enjoyable for us non-professionals to watch the epigraphers and archaeologists decipher the stelas at Frontera and explore the site of Chinikiha. Carnaval in Tenosique was a swirling mass of people in "cornhead" costumes and painted as jaguars, with real pelts. Tenosique was a good warmup for Carnaval in the highlands, which starts later this month, and which I last recorded in 1980 when Lyn and I came down with very early portable video equipment.

Now I have to go back to my room and scratch. The ticks and garapatas at Chinikiha got us all in a big way. How do these Maya explorers do it?

Posted by Dave at 01:55 PM
February 07, 2003
The Nation gets it wrong

I'm sure he means well.

The Zapatistas Break Their Silence

From Tom Hayden:
"The Zapatistas were allegedly planning to seize the charming resort. It could have been quite an international drama, but it turned out that the Zapatistas were only opposed to expanding the resort."

Tom should try talking to Glen and Ellen before writing about it.

Posted by Dave at 09:03 PM
Reforma - Complaints re Zapatistas

reforma.com --- Denuncian vecinos abusos de zapatistas

Posted by Dave at 08:30 PM
Washington Post re Rancho

This is the story we heard about yesterday when we were with Glen and Ellen. Gave them some hope that the latest story was still coming out.

Threats Force Americans To Flee Ranch in Mexico (washingtonpost.com)

Posted by Dave at 07:21 PM
AP Mexico may buy ranch

I was just in Ocosingo yesterday visiting Glen and Ellen and helping them shift around their belongings, which have been moved off of the ranch. We went in with them the night before to check with employees who are still staying there overnight. Glen had just had the first day of meetings with Secretary of Tourism Zebadua. No resolution but talks will continue.

So this AP article is a little out of date already, but I'll post it for the record. (Click MORE)

Mexico May Buy Threatened Ranch
By THE ASSOCIATED PRESS


Filed at 4:16 p.m. ET

MEXICO CITY (AP) -- A U.S. couple whose ranch is
blockaded by Zapatista rebels said Wednesday the
government of Chiapas state is considering buying
their property to resolve the conflict.

The owners, from Boise, Idaho, were called to a
meeting with authorities Wednesday, a day after U.S.
Embassy officials urged them to temporarily leave
their ranch and guest house for their own safety.

Advertisement



``They called me last night and asked me, 'Are you
willing to sell your land?''' ranch co-owner Glen
Wersch said by telephone as he waited for officials to
arrive for the negotiations in Ocosingo, four miles
west of Rancho Esmeralda.

``I don't have any choice, so yes, I'm willing to
sell,'' Wersch said.

Wersch said his wife, Ellen Jones, was still at the
ranch and the couple would not leave the property
permanently until they were offered a market-value
price for their land, guest house, coffee and
macadamia groves.

Wersch said U.S. Embassy officials had contacted him
to ``strongly urge I get off there (the property) for
my own safety.'' U.S. officials have been pressing the
Chiapas state government to protect the Americans'
rights.

But Chiapas officials accused the United States of
exaggerating the conflict, in which Zapatista
supporters from the neighboring village of Nuevo
Jerusalem have prevented tourists, owners and staff
from entering the property and threatened to seize it.
The rebels also allegedly detained and beat a ranch
employee and threatened others.

On Monday, Chiapas Gov. Pablo Salazar blamed the
Americans for starting the conflict. Salazar said one
of the ranch's guests was wearing a camouflage
uniform, which scared the rebels, who have accused
visitors of being spies for the army.

The Mexican army and the rebels were in a tense
standoff in the year following the Zapatistas' brief
uprising in 1994, but the two sides have been under a
truce for the last eight years.

The rebels acknowledged Tuesday their goal is to force
the Americans off the land, and then allow a rebel
council to decide what to do with the property.

Rancho Esmeralda offered environmental walks to a
nearby Maya ruin site and guests stayed at rustic
cabins where they could see coffee and exotic flowers
grown and harvested.

The rebels oppose tourism, and their political actions
have become increasingly focused on seizing land from
neighboring villages and ranches.

Wersch declined to name a price for the 26-acre
property, but noted it had been listed for sale two
years ago at about $550,000.

Asked if he would ever consider buying land in Chiapas
again, Wersch said ``I would say yes.''

``I have good friends here, I love this place,'' he
said. ``These people (the rebels) are not
representative of the whole community.''

Posted by Dave at 07:16 PM
Tenosique Mayor questions dams

Also from Tabasco Hoy. (Click MORE)

MUNICIPIOS

Desconoce Raymundo
proyecto Usumacinta
* Si la hidroeléctrica afecta el entorno ecológico,
evitaremos que se construya, expresa.

Pedro Sala García
Tabasco HOY/Corresponsal

Tenosique.- En un amplio desconocimiento hacia el
proyecto que la Comisión Federal de Electricidad (CFE)
tiene contemplado realizar en el alto Usumacinta y que
fuera anunciado por el presidente de la República,
Vicente Fox Quesada, el Presidente Municipal, Raymundo
Rosado Mendoza, reconoció que aunque este proyecto
tiene muchos años de haber sido planeado, el
Ayuntamiento que preside no está enterado
correctamente bien de lo que pueda suceder con la
construcción de las 5 hidroeléctricas que se han dado
a conocer a través de diversos medios de comunicación.

Añadió que si el proyecto que la CFE tiene contemplado
para esta zona del sureste mexicano no atenta en
contra del entorno ecológico y el municipio tiene la
garantía de contar con la tarifa preferencial,
estaríamos en la mejor disposición de apoyar el
proyecto, pero si está de por medio el costo de las
afectaciones ecológicas, es ahí en donde no valdría la
pena ni tampoco lo permitiríamos las autoridades que
esto pudiera realizarse, ya que primero está nuestro
entorno ecológico y después los proyectos que pudieran
ser ejecutados en esta zona.

Creo -dijo- que aquí hay que consultar a los
habitantes de las zonas aledañas y acudir a nuestra
Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos
para que por medio de nuestra carta podamos defender
los derechos de los municipios libres que consagra el
artículo 115 constitucional y que da autonomía a los
municipios para decidir que se hace y que no se puede
permitir por resultar nocivo para sus habitantes y
además de ello habría que realizar estudios adecuados
para saber si el proyecto en realidad va a ser
beneficioso para la región, esto sería mas
conveniente, pero necesitamos que la Federación y el
Estado informen al municipio en tiempo y forma acerca
de estos proyectos a fin de que estemos enterados
oportunamente de que es lo que se pretende hacer con
nuestro río y nuestras reservas ecológicas.

Rosado Mendoza, subrayó: está en nuestras manos que
esto se haga realidad o se quede solamente en
proyectos como ha venido sucediendo desde hace muchos
años, esto ha sido un sueño que se ha tenido, siendo
hasta ahora que por comentarios y notas periodísticas
que se han acentuado mas, pero en realidad como
municipio, desconocemos que exista tal proyecto, para
nosotros eso es desconocido e ignoro si el Estado
tiene conocimiento de este proyecto Foxista que
pretende hacerse en contra de nuestras reservas
ecológicas y nuestro río que es el mas caudaloso e
importante de la Republica Mexicana.

Insistió en que el cañón de Boca del Cerro, desde hace
muchos años ha sido una zona de reserva ecológica,
según ha leído y escuchado comentarios periodísticos
de gentes que tienen conocimiento de este proyecto que
a nosotros no nos afectaría nuestras reservas
naturales, aunque en cierta forma

no se sabe que tipo de modalidades se va a utilizar
porque por ejemplo con especies como la pigua y el
robalo, estos suben a desovar río arriba y de suceder
eso no sabemos como van a poder hacerlo, además de que
se tiene conocimiento de que se van a inundar muchas
zonas de Guatemala y esto afectaría algunas reservas
arqueológicas y esta es la preocupación de mucha gente
que se opone a la realización de este proyecto y
nosotros apoyamos la determinación que el pueblo tome,
acotó.


Tabasco HOY Derechos Reservados 2003

Posted by Dave at 07:10 PM
Gobernacion studies dam plan

From Tabasco Hoy. Secretary of Gobernacion Creel Miranda will visit the region to evaluate the impact of hydroelectric projects. (Click MORE)

TABASCO

Vendrá Creel a evaluar
impacto de hidroeléctricas
* Mañana el secretario de Gobernación recorrerá
la zona fronteriza de Tabasco, Chiapas y Guatemala.
* Recibirá también un reporte del alto paso de
ilegales rumbo a la frontera norte.

Miguel Avendaño-Murillo
Tabasco HOY

Este viernes Santiago Creel Miranda, Secretario de
Gobernación realizará una gira de trabajo por la zona
fronteriza de Tabasco, Chiapas y Guatemala para
evaluar los trabajos contemplados dentro del Plan
Puebla Panamá (PPP), así como el análisis sobre los
trabajos que la Comisión Federal de Electricidad
(CFE), realiza en el Alto Usumacinta.

Dentro de la agenda está contemplada una reunión con
autoridades guatemaltecas para evaluar los posibles
daños ecológicos y arqueológicos que la construcción
de cinco represas sobre el Usumacinta ocasionarán en
territorio guatemalteco, chiapaneco y tabasqueño.

Creel Miranda también recibirá un reporte detallado
del alto paso de ilegales hacia la frontera norte que,
según estadísticas del INM en el 2002 fueron
repatriados a sus país de origen 79 mil 79 personas
que de manera ilegal se internaron en territorio
mexicano con la intención de llegar a los Estados
Unidos, de los cuales se sabe, 40 mil 72 eran de
Guatemala, 24 mil 738 de Honduras, 12 mil 325 de El
Salvador, 745 de Nicaragua, y 973 de Ecuador, entre
otros de los que Guatemala encabeza la lista de
indocumentados aprehendidos en territorio mexicano.

Manejada como secreto de estado, esta sería la segunda
ocasión después del pasado 12 de diciembre que Creel
Miranda visita específicamente a la ciudad de
Tenosique, donde nuevamente sería recepcionado por el
alcalde priista Raymundo Rosado Mendoza, pues se prevé
que desde el aeródromo de esta ciudad inicie un sobre-
vuelo con autoridades chapinas, tabasqueñas y
chiapanecas sobre el Alto Usumacinta, específicamente
entre Piedras Negras y Boca del Cerro.

Como se recordará con fecha 28 de enero la CFE emitió
el boletín BP-08/03 que a la letra dice: "Los técnicos
de la empresa están estudiando en esa zona la posible
utilización del caudal del río para la generación de
hidroelectricidad, teniendo como limitante la
utilización del río en su cauce natural".

Todo ello, consecuencia de los reportajes de Tabasco
HOY, dando pormenores del caso lo que ocasionó una
serie de protestas internacionales ya que según
ecologistas de Chiapas y Guatemala aseguran que en
cinco años habrá un millón de desplazados, 300 sitios
arqueológicos vírgenes inundados, un entorno ecológico
afectado incluyendo parte de la reserva de la Biosfera
Maya y Los Pantanos de Centla que en menos de 10 años
habrán perdido el 70 por cientos de su extensión a
consecuencia de la construcción de cinco represas en
el Alto Usumacinta englobadas en siete acciones
similares sobre afluentes situados en los Altos de
Chiapas.

También hay que recordar que Vicente Fox Quesada en su
gira de trabajo del pasado 16 de diciembre, aseveró
que: "existe con CFE esa posible inversión en una
presa de generación de electricidad por la vía
hidráulica..." cuando Manuel Andrade Díaz le solicitó
dos mil millones para el plan que evitará inundaciones
en la entidad.

Con la visita de Creel Miranda a Tenosique se confirma
lo que Alfredo Elías Ayub, director general CFE en su
comparecencia ante el pleno de la Cámara de Diputados
el pasado 7 de octubre del 2002 cuando aseguró: "...ha
quedado descartada la presa de Cortina Alta, siendo
una presa que hubiera sido muy benéfica para evitar
las inundaciones de Villahermosa y altamente
generadora de electricidad..."

Y donde afirmó: "actualmente es una cortinita -la
presa- que significa hincar las turbinas en el cauce
del río para que haya una generación permanente de
electricidad... se ha sustituido el proyecto, por lo
que se llama la presa de Cortina Baja, en donde
solamente sufrirán inundaciones las mismas partes de
la Cuenca del Usumacinta que se inundan de cualquier
manera, en la época alta de lluvias actualmente... la
presa de Cortina Baja, realmente es la instalación en
el cauce del río de turbinas hundidas en una parte del
lecho donde se les permita pasar el agua, de tal
manera que, siendo una presa mucho más chica, pero con
el cauce que tiene el Usumacinta, que es muy rico
pudieran generar electricidad todo el año, sin
necesidad de incrementar las zonas que naturalmente
inunda el río actualmente..."

También aclaró: "...Queda descartada la presa de
Cortina Alta, por las razones y los problemas que se
han planteado, por ello se están estudiando el
proyecto en donde prácticamente no hay cortina, es una
cortinita muy pequeña, que significa hincar las
turbinas en el cauce del río para que haya una
generación permanente de electricidad...".

Otro de los temas a tratar es la inseguridad, ya que
esta zona es conocida como la "Frontera de la
Anarquía" por la ausencia de una aduana donde termina
la carretera Tenosique-El Ceibo y la nula vigilancia
por los caminos vecinales de Tenosique y Balancán en
sus límites con Guatemala, así como la constante
incursión de ex guerrilleros para asesinar
guatemaltecos y migrantes en zonas limítrofes de ambos
países.

Otro de los temas importantes será la inseguridad en
la zona que ha provocado que a esta zona se le
denomine la "Frontera de la Anarquía" que hace 15 días
cobró tres víctimas de origen guatemalteco
ajusticiadas por ex guerrilleros de aquel país
iniciándose un éxodo masivo de chapines a territorio
mexicano pidiendo auxilio y asilo político.

Lo ocurrido en la comunidad de Nuevo Paraíso fue la
gota que derramó el vaso y alertó a las autoridades de
los tres niveles a mirar nuevamente a la zona que es
un punto estratégico del PPP, ya que Tenosique será
nombraba ciudad "Nafta" (ciudad fronteriza de libre
comercio para enero del próximo año).

La zona que este viernes visita Creel Miranda también
es conociida y por el tianguis con fayuca de tercera
proveniente de países asiáticos, el paso de droga y
venta de armas que según el Departamento de
Operaciones Antinarcóticas de Guatemala (DOAN),
mexicanos y guatemaltecos se dedican al tráfico de la
droga controlado desde la comunidad de Sayaxché,
nombre por el cual se conoce a esta organización
criminal.

Hay que recordar que el DOAN denunció en octubre del
año pasado la conexión entre los cárteles de Colombia,
Guatemala y México donde se creó una estructura sólida
y eficiente para el traslado terrestre, aéreo y
marítimo, además del almacenamiento de alrededor de
tres a cuatro toneladas de cocaína en esa región.

Los informes indican que DOAN elaboró una lista de 50
mexicanos y otra similar de guatemaltecos que manejan
cantidades que oscilan entre 3.5 a 30 millones de
dólares en operaciones de compra-venta de droga que
circula a través de la ruta Guatemala-Chiapas-Oaxaca
-Distrito Federal-Cuernavaca -Guerrero y Tamaulipas,
pero que Tenosique es el punto de operaciones de esta
organización criminal.

El organismo policiaco guatemalteco asegura el dinero
proviene de México y movilizan el alcaloide por tierra
en vehículos pequeños en compartimientos especiales
con capacidad para 25 kilos de cocaína, movilizando
alrededor de 3.5 millones de dólares, por viaje.

Según el Departamento Antinarcóticos de Guatemala, la
narcoactividad registró un crecimiento en la economía
informal y formal de Centroamérica, producto del
fuerte flujo de dólares procedente de México.

Agrega que la narcoactividad transformó a la frontera
de México con Centroamérica en un lugar donde la
muerte es el castigo a la deslealtad y la medida para
delimitar las circunscripciones territoriales entre
los capos, por ello las múltiples ejecuciones en los
límites con México, según este informe, el DOAN ubicó
a los municipios de Tecún Umán, Malacatán y Sayaxché,
fronterizos con México como las áreas de mayor
movimiento de los cárteles de ambos países.

Dentro de la agenda aún no se define la reunión
Andrade-Creel, misma que se afinará este jueves por la
tarde.

Segunda visita

¿Por qué visita Creel Miranda Tenosique?

En marzo inician los trabajos de las 5 represas de
generación eléctrica en el alto Usumacinta.
Por la zona han pasado de 40 mil ilegales el año
pasado.
Es el centro de operaciones de los cárteles asentados
en Tecún Umán, Malacatán y Sayaxché.
Tenosique será nombra ciudad "Nafta".
Revisión de convenios de colaboración con autoridades
chapinas

Posted by Dave at 07:07 PM
Reforma - Rancho resolving

reforma.com --- Busca Chiapas retener rancho turístico

Posted by Dave at 06:56 PM
February 05, 2003
Rancho Es - Reforma

reforma.com --- Pide EU a familia abandonar Chiapas

Posted by Dave at 01:30 PM
Rancho Es Associated Press

Below, the text of an AP wire story on the Rancho Esmeralda crisis. (Click More)

ALEJANDRO RUIZ, Associated Press Writer Tuesday, February 4, 2003

Posted by Dave at 12:36 PM
NY Times Rancho Es brief

From the New York Times:

World Briefing: Americas

MEXICO: AMERICANS CLOSING GUEST RANCH The American owners of a popular
guest ranch in the southern state of Chiapas said they were closing it to
tourists because of violent intimidation by Zapatista members of a
neighboring community. The owners, Ellen Jones, 55, and Glen Wersch, 49,
are former Peace Corps workers who have operated their Rancho Esmeralda for
eight years. They said that staff members had been assaulted and were the
focus of death threats from the neighboring Zapatistas, who have told the
Americans that the ranch rightfully belongs to them. Tim Weiner (NYT)

Posted by Dave at 12:31 PM
February 04, 2003
Rancho Es - Reuters

In the Reuters AlertNet, a report (now 2 days old) on Glen and Ellen packing up and leaving Rancho Esmeralda.

Reuters AlertNet - U.S. couple packing up at blockaded Mexico ranch

Posted by Dave at 01:05 PM
February 03, 2003
Poor Microsoft

Microsoft Warns SEC of Open-Source Threat

Microsoft Corp. may in the future be forced to lower its software prices as a result of the growth of open source, the company cautioned in its latest filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Posted by Dave at 10:01 PM
Chiapas reacts to US alert

In the San Francisco Chronicle:

Mexican state bridles, after U.S. urges caution for visitors to Chiapas

Posted by Dave at 02:26 PM
Impacts Thermo and Hydro - Tabasco Hoy

In today's Tabasco Hoy, a report an environmental concerns surrounding both hydroelectric and thermoelectric (the Chable plant) generation systems in the region. Text below (MORE).

TABASCO

Indagarán diputados la
hidroeléctrica del Usumacinta
* Temor entre la población por contaminación del río y
la atmósfera.

Héctor Pérez Ruiz
Tabasco HOY

Ante el temor de contaminación del Usumacinta y la
atmósfera que ha despertado en los habitantes de la
zona de los ríos las pruebas que empezó a hacer la
hidroeléctrica que entrará en funciones en marzo entre
los límites de Campeche y Tabasco, diputados de la
Comisión de Ecología acudirán la próxima semana a una
inspección para impedir daños ecológicos.

El secretario de la Comisión de Ecología del Congreso
del Estado, Joaquín Cabrera Pujol, dijo que los
habitantes de ese municipio ya advirtieron que no
permitirán la contaminación con desechos de esa planta
que construye la empresa canadiense Transalta Energy
Corporation S. A de C.V, por lo que él acudirá a
inspeccionar con el presidente del grupo legislativo
el diputado Carlos Francisco Lastra González y los
vocales Emilio Contreras Martínez de Escobar, Aquiles
Magaña García, Felix Jorge David González y Juan
Molina Becerra.

El legislador por Emiliano Zapata expresó "tenemos
conocimiento que ya están haciendo algunas pruebas en
la hidroeléctrica, nosotros hicimos un compromiso en
la comisión y efectivamente hemos tenido contacto con
la gente de la Comisión Federal y de la compañía, pues
tiene el compromiso con los habitantes de ese
municipio.

"Tenemos dos compromisos fundamentales, uno de estar
haciendo análisis permanentemente del agua para que no
se nos vaya a contaminar el río Usumacinta y por otro
estar monitoreando el aire para ver si no hay
contaminación en la atmósfera, ese compromiso lo
cumpliremos en la medida en que tengamos la
información de la planta en el recorrido que hagamos".

"No vamos a permitir de ninguna manera de que vayan a
contaminar el río Usumacinta o la atmósfera".

Cabrera Pujol expuso que la empresa Transalta Energy
Corporation S. A de C.V., que construye una
termoeléctrica en Campeche a un kilómetros de los
límites Tabasco sólo ha informado que existe un
estudio de impacto ambiental pero no lo ha presentado
a detalle, tampoco han informado que composición
química tendrán los líquidos a desalojar en el río
Usumacinta mediante un ducto de 12 kilómetro que
saldrá a la altura del poblado Chablé en Emiliano
Zapata.

Cabe hacer mención que esta obra del lado de Campeche
inició desde octubre del año 2000, como parte de un
proyecto que incluía las plantas "Altamira II", en
Tamulipas y "Campeche" en la entidad del mismo nombre;
ambas centrales tendrán una capacidad de 747.4
megawatts.

La primera de estas construcciones entraría en
operación el 1 de mayo del 2002, en tanto que la
"Campeche" lo hará el 11 de marzo del 2003, mientras
tanto la edificación de las dos termoeléctricas se
hará de conformidad con los contratos establecidos con
los consorcios Mitsubishi Corporation y Mitsubishi
México S. A de C.V, de Japón y Transalta Ebergy
Corporation, de Canadá, respectivamente.

Para la central "Campeche" instalada en el estado del
mismo nombre, Transalta Energy Corporation constituyó
la empresa Transalta Campeche S. A de C.V., sociedad
de propósito específico.

La hidroeléctrica denominada "Santa Lucía" es
construida directamente por la empresa nacional
"Ingenieros Civiles Asociados" ICA, mediante la
división "Fluor Daniel" y venderá energía eléctrica a
la Comisión Federal de Electricidad.

Revisión

Comisión de Ecología del Congreso que medirá el
impacto ecológico de la termoeléctrica.

Carlos Francisco Lastra González
Presidente
Joaquín Cabrera Pujol
Secretario
Emilio Contreras Martínez de Escobar
Aquiles Magaña García
Felix Jorge David González
Juan Molina Becerra
Vocales

Posted by Dave at 02:04 PM
Rancho Es: Moving out

Ellen sent another update to the Rancho Esmeralda crisis. Things are terrible there at the moment - they are moving out. The update begins on this page and continues below. (click MORE)

2 February 2003

Rancho Esmeralda
Ocosingo, Chiapas
Tel 91967 08960
91967 08922
91967 06588


As a result of the violent attacks on Rancho Esmeralda owners and staff on Wednesday and Thursday the ranch has been closed to tourism. In spite of filing charges on Thursday regarding both the kidnapping and beating of staff member Ernesto Cruz and the continuing threat of invasion and violence by the Zapatistas of Nuevo Jerusalen no police protection, much less intervention, has been authorized by Chiapas state government officials.

Even though the American Embassy has been pressing the Mexican government for action, the only step that has been taken was to send local delegates of the
Gobernacion Secretariat, Jaime Ramirez and German de la Rosa, to the ranch on Friday to assist the owners and staff in walking off the ranch, leaving behind all of their belongings. Embassy officials were firm in communicating the message they had received from Gobernacion, in the person of Gabriel Gutierrez, Subsecretario, that this delegation would be the last and only assistance they would be providing.

Following the visit of the Gobernacion delegacion on Friday, ranch owners and staff began packing up valuables and preparing for the possibility of being forced to make an emergency exit.

On Saturday morning a large numbers of friends from Ocosingo
began arriving to help pack up and remove things from the ranch, parking their
trucks at the entrance to the ruins of Tonina. All day Saturday chairs, tables,
beds, kitchen equipment, saddles, tools, ornamental plants, etc. were carried across
the walking trail to be loaded onto the trucks waiting at the other end. At the end
of the day a successful effort was made to get the three trapped vehicles off the
ranch by driving them through several roadless ranch pastures over to the ruins
entrance. Retracing the route used to remove the ranch's vehicles, friends with a 3
ton truck were able to reach the ranch as well and begin to speed up the process of
removing things from the property by directly loading them onto the truck. The
owners and staff continued to remain on the ranch on Friday and Saturday nights
without incident.

This morning (Sunday) the 3 ton truck arrived early and was able to make one more
successful trip before finding that even that access had been closed due to direct
threats to neighboring property owners from the Zapatistas. So what remaining
belongings that can be removed will all, again, have to be carried off on foot.
Additional neighboring ranchers have also been visited by members of this Zapatista
group warning them of consequences if they help Rancho Esmeralda in any way.

At this point there is an urgent concern for the personal safety of those who remain
at the ranch. When the Zapatistas released Ernesto Cruz on Thursday night they sent
him back with a note warning Rancho Esmeralda owners that they are not playing
around, that they want them to leave, and that the next time (referring to the
kidnapping and beating of Ernesto) things will be worse. (A copy of this written
message can be sent by fax if requested.)

When Rancho Esmeralda was first threatened with invasion, on December 31st 2002,
while the state government was unwilling to deploy police to provide protection
they, at that time, assured both the American Embassy and the owners of Rancho
Esmeralda that should something happen they would intervene. Now, barely a month
later, it has been made clear to both the Embassy and the ranch owners that no
matter what transpires there will be no police response of any sort.

In response to the American Embassy's issuing a new travel advisory for Chiapas this
week the head of the Gobernacion Secretariat, Emilio Zebadua, responded to the press
that this advisory was brought on only as a result of what he called "a conflict"
between Rancho Esmeralda owner, Glen Wersch, and the neighboring community of Nuevo
Jerusalen. He refers to the Zapatistas blocking their road access and then calling
ranch owners to a meeting to inform them that their ranch is to be invaded as
"differences that have developed between the ranch owner and community residents".
His statements do not reflect either the widespread hostile reaction in November to
the Isuzu Challenge tour of Chiapas or the detention of a team of 12 Canadian and
French kayakers in January who were agressively pulled from the Jatate River near
San Miguel, detained overnight in the village schoolhouse, fined $200 U.S. and sent
back the next morning. Neither do his statements take into account that similar
violence and intimidation have been and are taking place against other Mexican land
owners in the valley and throughout the region.

In spite of repeated attempts too communicate with Governor Pablo Salazar
Mendiguchia his office has never responded directly to the owners of Rancho
Esmeralda. Just this week the Governor has been in Europe at the Economic Forum in
Davos, Switzerland promoting Chiapas as an appropriate opportunity for foreign
investment.

Owners and staff of Rancho Esmeralda are facing another night of fear and continue
to work to remove what contents of the ranch they can.

Posted by Dave at 12:55 PM
Dams - Tabasco Hoy 1/31

The text of another article in Tabasco Hoy regarding the dam proposals can be found below. (Click MORE)

VILLAHERMOSA
Crece polémica por el
proyecto "Alto Usumacinta"
* Acepta CFE que realiza estudios en
la zona para generar hidroelectricidad.
* Dice la paraestatal que se tendrá como
limitante la utilización del río en su cauce natural.
Miguel Avendaño-Murillo
Tabasco HOY
Ante la polémica internacional creada por lo publicado
en Tabasco HOY sobre el "Proyecto Binacional de
Generación Eléctrica Boca del Cerro" que la Comisión
Federal de Electricidad (CFE), realiza en la zona del
Alto Usumacinta, este organismo gubernamental salió al
paso para señalar que sí trabajan en el último río
caudaloso del país con la finalidad de generar
electricidad.
Con fecha 28 de enero la CFE emitió el boletín
BP-08/03 que a la letra dice "...la CFE no tiene
programado construir ninguna presa de cortina alta en
la región conocida como Boca del Cerro, ya que desde
hace varios años quedó cancelado el proyecto con esas
características".
Pero acepta: "Los técnicos de la empresa están
estudiando en esa zona la posible utilización del
caudal del río para la generación de
hidroelectricidad, teniendo como limitante la
utilización del río en su cauce natural".
Ante la ola de protestas internacionales por estos
trabajos y que han causado temblores en la zona de
Tenosique a causa de las explosiones advierte: "En
todo momento se consultarán los avances de los
estudios con las autoridades correspondientes".
En su última edición dominical Tabasco HOY publica
que: "En cinco años habrá un millón de desplazados,
300 sitios arqueológicos inundados, un entorno
ecológico afectado incluyendo parte de la reserva de
la Biósfera Maya y Los Pantanos de Centla que en menos
de 10 años habrán perdido el 70 por ciento de su
extensión a consecuencia de la construcción de cinco
represas en el Alto Usumacinta englobadas en siete
acciones similares sobre afluentes situados en Los
Altos de Chiapas. (Nunca se afirma de una cortina sino
de cinco represas).
Y se adelanta que: "En la segunda quincena de marzo la
CFE inicia La construcción de las cinco
hidroeléctricas sobre el último río caudaloso de
México; trabajos contemplados en la "tercera etapa"
consistente en la construcción de carreteras y accesos
a las zonas montañosas así como estudios, pruebas de
pilotaje, ingeniería de suelo y cimentación donde se
destinarán millones de dólares provenientes del Banco
Interamericano de Desarrollo (BID) para sostener el
Plan Puebla Panamá (PPP).
Como parte de la investigación se transcribe que las
palabras del presidente Vicente Fox Quesada del 16 de
diciembre del año pasado en su intervención durante la
comida y reunión de trabajo sobre el Programa
Hidráulico "Proyecto Integral Contra Inundaciones
(PICI)", que encabezó en la Palapa "Los Mangos" del
Centro de Interpretación y Convivencia con la
Naturaleza "Yumká" de esta capital cuando respondió a
la petición de Manuel Andrade Díaz por 2 mil millones
para el PICI: "...la CNA ha tratado de juntar todas
sus `canicas' posibles para apostarle a esta obra,
tiene que hacer lo mismo con otras grandes obras a
nivel nacional. Por eso, desgraciadamente, a veces no
podemos ir tan a fondo como quisiéramos, pero la
voluntad hay... Para resumir, lo que ya podemos hablar
en este momento que se tiene o que se cuenta es, por
un lado, 250 millones de pesos que son viables para
aquí..."
Y ante el argumento federal de la carencia de recursos
y de dónde se podrán disponer para concluir el PICI,
Fox Quesada aseveró: "existe con CFE esa posible
inversión en una presa de generación de electricidad
por la vía hidráulica..."
En la entrega de ese día Tabasco HOY también
transcribe las palabras de Alfredo Elías Ayub,
director general CFE en su comparecencia ante el pleno
de la Cámara de Diputados el pasado 7 de octubre del
2002 donde aseguró: "...ha quedado descartada la presa
de Cortina Alta, siendo una presa que hubiera sido muy
benéfica para evitar las inundaciones de Villahermosa
y altamente generadora de electricidad..."
Pero también Elías Ayub afirma que: "actualmente es
una cortinita -la presa- que significa hincar las
turbinas en el cauce del río para que haya una
generación permanente de electricidad..."
También se defendía de la oleada de acusaciones
internacionales en torno a la construcción: "...son
datos de la presa de cortina, que ha sido altamente
rechazada, por los guatemaltecos, algunas autoridades
locales mexicanas, los habitantes de la zona y las
organizaciones ambientalistas internacionales, esa
presa ya ha quedado descartada", afirmó el titular de
CFE hace tres meses.
Esa ocasión también confirmó que "...la presa de
Cortina Alta hubiera sido muy benéfica para evitar las
inundaciones de Villahermosa, por ejemplo, hubiera
sido altamente generadora de electricidad, pero en
efecto plantea tantos problemas ambientales, tantos
problemas locales, problemas en zonas arqueológicas,
que pensamos que es prácticamente imposible llevarla a
cabo..."
Elías Ayub habló de la sustitución del cual da cuenta
Tabasco HOY en sus ediciones del domingo, lunes y
martes: "Sin embargo, se ha sustituido el proyecto,
por lo que se llama la presa de Cortina Baja, en donde
solamente sufrirán inundaciones las mismas partes de
la Cuenca del Usumacinta que se inundan de cualquier
manera, en la época alta de lluvias actualmente..."
Elías Ayub acotó que: "...la presa de Cortina Baja,
realmente es la instalación en el cauce del río de
turbinas hundidas en una parte del lecho donde se les
permita pasar el agua, de tal manera que, siendo una
presa mucho más chica, pero con el cauce que tiene el
Usumacinta, que es muy rico pudieran generar
electricidad todo el año, sin necesidad de incrementar
las zonas que naturalmente inunda el río
actualmente..."
Afirmó: "...Queda descartada la presa de Cortina Alta,
por las razones y los problemas que se han planteado,
por ello se están estudiando el proyecto en donde
prácticamente no hay cortina, es una cortinita muy
pequeña, que significa hincar las turbinas en el cauce
del río para que haya una generación permanente de
electricidad...".
Y culmino: "...en breve se iniciarán los trabajos de
sísmica en la zona para concretar los trabajos
exploratorios y las zonas suceptibles de inundación
que son las que siempre se anegan en tiempos de
crecientes...".
Con las declaraciones de Vicente Fox y Elías Ayub
Tabasco Hoy realizó una serie de investigaciones en la
zona confirmando los trabajos que la CFE está
realizando para las cinco represas que sustituyeron a
la presa de Cortina Alta y que, según ambientalistas
de Guatemala y México también traerá graves problemas
ecológicos.
Todas estas protestas de inconformidades y reuniones
de trabajo en torno a las represas del Alto Usumacinta
se iniciaron cuando Tabasco HOY publicó el 30 de junio
del año pasado el "Memorandum de Cooperación Eléctrica
con Centroamérica que Fox Quesada había firmado dos
días antes de la publicación, durante la "Expo
Inversión 2002" celebrada en la ciudad de Mérida.
Por igual este medio el 10 de agosto del mismo año,
Tabasco HOY dio a conocer parte del proyecto y en que
consistían las nuevas estrategias del gobierno
mexicano, básicamente del PPP donde se encuentra
programadas las obras del Alto Usumacinta.
A la publicación del Tabasco HOY se sumaron los
diarios Reforma de la capital mexicana, así como los
semanarios políticos Proceso y Milenio, le seguirían
Prensa Libre de Guatemala, La Nación de Costa Rica y
el New York Times en fechas recientes, quienes dieron
cuenta y seguimiento de las acciones que la CFE había
emprendido en la zona.
En diciembre pasado intelectuales de todo el mundo
solicitaron al Ejecutivo Federal detener el proyecto y
la ambiciosa iniciativa para crear un corredor
económico que una al sur de México con los países
centroamericanos, ante la respuesta de Fox Quesada de
que recursos del proyecto hidroeléctrico del
Usumacinta se destinarán para el plan hidráulico de
Tabasco, organismos internacionales se reunirán el
próximo 8, 9 y 10 de febrero en Nuevo Huixtán,
municipio de Las Margaritas, Chiapas en el II
Encuentro Chiapaneco Frente al Neoliberalismo que dará
creación al Frente Cívico contra las represas del Alto
Usumacinta, misma que podría sostener otra reunión en
el poblado de Boca del Cerro municipio de Tenosique,
Tabasco, lugar que tiene la CFE como punto estratégico
para los trabajos que se llevan a cabo silenciosamente
en las caudalosas aguas del Usumacinta.
Los convocantes encabezados por la CIEPAC Grupo
Ecologista Mexicano de Los Cien y la agrupación Ríos
Mayas y el Frente Petenero Contra las Represas, son
quienes sostienen que la construcción inundará muchos
sitios arqueológicos, afectaría los cultivos de la
zona y dañaría innumerables especies de flora y fauna.
Las declaraciones
"..Existe con CFE esa posible inversión en una presa
de generación de electricidad por la vía hidráulica en
el Usumacinta..."
Vicente Fox Quesada
Presidente de México
(16 de diciembre del 2002)
"...ha quedado descartada la presa de Cortina Alta,
siendo una presa que hubiera sido muy benéfica para
evitar las inundaciones de Villahermosa y altamente
generadora de electricidad...actualmente es una
cortinita -la presa- que significa hincar las turbinas
en el cauce del río para que haya una generación
permanente de electricidad...la presa de Cortina Baja,
realmente es la instalación en el cauce del río de
turbinas hundidas en una parte del lecho donde se les
permita pasar el agua..."
Alfredo Elías Ayub
Director general de CFE
(7 de octubre del 2002)
"Los técnicos de la empresa están estudiando en esa
zona la posible utilización del caudal del río para la
generación de hidroelectricidad, teniendo como
limitante la utilización del río en su cauce natural".
Boletín CFE-BP-08/03
(28 de enero del 2003)

Posted by Dave at 12:44 PM
Green Bush and Hydrogen

Here's a response to Bush's underwhelming hydrogen plan in the State of the Union speech.

AlterNet: Bush's "Green" State of the Union

Posted by Dave at 12:27 PM
Notes from IDB Meeting 1/17

Vince McIlhenny forwarded notes from a recent (Jan. 17 2003) meeting between NGOs and the InterAmerican Development Bank. Vince's organization, InterAction, and several others hold periodic meetings to ask about the IDBs plans relating to the Plan Puebla Panama.


Here is an excerpt from the Q&A regarding dams and electricity. Click MORE for the complete meeting notes.

Patricia (World Vision) asked about the hydroelectric dams associated with the PPP.

Marcelo observed that the PPP is frequently—and wrongly—accused of comprising “large projects and dams.” Antinori denied that there are any “mega-projects” in PPP, with the exception of SIEPAC. Roads are limited to mostly rehabilitation, not major new roads (with exception of 48 km in Costa Rica). The IDB has consistently contended that SIEPAC is not about dams, but about a transmission line – which will cause very little displacement. Antinori stated that “…the only large project is SIEPAC,” and expressed interest in finding a way to correct these misimpressions. He acknowledged that although PPP does include linking energy transmission grids, it does not include dams.

Patricia expressed concern for the most impoverished people living largely in rural areas and asked if they would have access to this energy. If they are displaced by the energy projects, will there be a way to give them land/compensation? What about rural roads, in addition to rehabilitation of major highways?

Marcelo differentiated between the two purposes of PPP:
Infrastructure and Integration. He noted that the PPP is the “integration of infrastructure” and that “…you won’t see a program for rural road or infrastructure…When we talk about roads, we are talking about rehabilitation” of principal highways. Rural roads are a national problem. Only infrastructure that promotes integration will be considered in PPP. He went on to say that as of December 18th, there were only 48 kilometers of new roads in PPP, and this did not involve any displacement of people. Marcelo emphasized the fact that there were “no new roads.” He stated that the “PPP has very minor, if any, impact on people [in terms of displacement].” He also stated that an environmental impact study had been done [FOR WHAT].

Infrastructure and Poverty Reduction. Marcelo agreed that the priority should be about “…how PPP affects poor people.” He noted that the IDB would finance two meetings: one on rural integration/ rural electrification, and that El Salvador would organize a meeting on telecommunications. However, “the only thing we’re not discussing is RURAL ROADS.”

Amy expressed that there is concern about a PPP road connecting Guatemala and Belize. Marcelo acknowledged that Amy was right and mentioned that they would have to conduct a referendum in both countries to settle the border dispute, which would take at least a year.

Vince (InterAction) differentiated between the cumulative effects and direct effects of a project like SIEPAC or a highway expansion, asking “to what extent the assessment go beyond the narrowly defined direct effects…to get to impacts, risks, advantages vs. disadvantages of the medium term consequences of a regional energy market. If the cumulative impact of SIEPAC is addressed in a consultation, it becomes impossible to delink a transmission line from new energy generation capacity and from energy policy in general. This is why we continue to hear concerns linking SIEPAC with the prospect of dams on the Usumacinta River for example. Will the IDB enable a debate about these policy issues in discussing SIEPAC?

[In a subsequent conversation with Diego Belmonte, the IDB response to this argument about cumulative vs. direct impact assessment is a skepticism that any methodology permits an accurate estimation of the cumulative impact of a mega project. Diego referred to others who have suggested that a methodology does permit a cumulative impact assessment (Harvard, Berkeley), but he is suspicious about how valid these tools are. The IDB seems to remain unconvinced that anything but the impact of the 100 meter right of way for a 220 kV transmission line is worth examining in depth.]

IDB PPP Meeting Minutes
January 17, 2003
10-12am


In Attendance:
Vince McElhinny, InterAction
Anne Barclay-Hicks, InterAction
Vicky Gass, WOLA
Jane Garrido, Bank Information Center
Amy Gray, Bank Information Center
Susan Saudek, SHARE Foundation
Patricia Forner, World Vision
Marcelo Antinori, IDB
Mario Berrios, IDB
Gonzalo Arroyo, IDB
Analia Gonzalez, IDB

Background to these IDB-NGO/CSO Meetings on PPP:
Plan Puebla Panamá (PPP) is an ambitious $10 billion infrastructure, utility and commercial integration program affecting 62 million people living in the nine southern states of Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panamá (http://www.iadb.org/ppp). PPP is a package of 28 separate “mega-projects” that the region’s leaders claim will attract modernizing private investment, accelerate commercial traffic and bring jobs and prosperity to a long neglected and highly impoverished region. There are eight initiatives within PPP: Energy Sector Integration, Highway Integration, Telecommunications Integration, Sustainable Development, Human Development, Tourism, Trade Facilitation, Disaster Mitigation – plus one special program - Prevention and Information, Consultation and Participation. The IDB is PPP’s most important promoter and for the past year Northern NGOs have held periodic meetings with the IDB staff working on PPP to discuss advances in the specific projects, debate PPP’s impact on the poor of Mesoamerica, and bring to the table questions from groups in the region. The agenda for the meeting varies, but is set by the NGOs. The minutes of this meeting are a synthesis of the discussion, with added contextual items and analysis.

Key Points Raised at the Meeting:
Pessimism about progress on PPP and planned consultations in Mexico.
IDB preparing next round of PPP consultations.
SIEPAC approved in El Salvador after IDB personally lobbies Salvadoran legislators.
Resignation of Belizean Commissioner, Salvador Figueroa (heading up Tourism Initiative) as major regional tourism initiative is launched.
Rural development remains an empty portfolio in PPP.

Upcoming PPP Meetings
Thursday, Jan. 30, noon to 2 p.m. The manager of the IDB’s Regional Operations Department II, Miguel E. Martinez, will speak on at the Bank’s headquarters (in the 7th floor) on the progress achieved so far by Plan Puebla-Panama and the challenges that lie ahead. The presentation, part the IDB’s Forum on the Americas series.
Feb. 7 - Consultation originally scheduled with unions in San Jose, Costa Rica, but postponed until March due to the mobilizations around the beginning of the CAFTA negotiations and disputes related to job security at ICE- the Costa Rican state power company. For more information contact Oscar Rodriguez, PSI Central American Representative.

Feb. 10-12 IDB Consultation with indigenous organizations, Managua, Nicaragua. For more info contact Diego Belmonte, dbelmonte@iadb.org

Late March, PPP meeting to discuss SIEPAC and rural electrification in Guatemala. For more info contact Min. Archila.

Late March, PPP meeting on SIEPAC and social telecommunications in El Salvador (infocentros). For more info contact Commissioner Dada.

Before end of March, IDB sponsored workshop with Centromype and INCAE on formulating a regional action for supporting SMEs in export markets.

New Reports Available:

Nov. 11 PPP Initiative Presentations
Nov. 12 PPP Education MOU
Dec. 18 Roads Progress Report
November PPP Update


Actualización sobre la Información, Consulta, e Iniciativa de Participación (ICP)
- Calendarización del futuro; Consultas en Mexico, y seguimiento al primer ronda de
consultas

Marcelo (IDB) opened meeting by announcing that other IDB colleagues were unable to attend. He felt able to comment on most if not all proposed agenda topics.

Marcelo mentioned that he would meet with Jorge Sapoznikow this afternoon in order to define the action plan for the Information, Consultation and Participation (ICP) Program of the Plan Puebla Panamá. This action plan will define the structure of the next consultations, based on feedback obtained in the first round. The IDB will report the action plan after this meeting, and provide requested summaries and attendance of the Costa Rica and Panama consultations. Mexico is not being considered as part of the ICP action plan, only Central America. Sara Almonte will act as the new coordinator of the ICP in Central America.

Recent consultations were held in Panamá and Costa Rica, completing the first round of PPP consultations, with the exception of Mexico. In Mexico, consultations are planned for two states (Puebla and Veracruz). However, Antinori stated that he was not optimistic given the uncertain commitments to PPP as a foreign policy priority after the resignation of Jorge Castaneda as Minister of Foreign Affairs. The likely appointment, under the new Foreign Minister Derbez, to be Mexican PPP Commissioner is likely to be Miguel Jaquin (?). Antinori stated that Derbez has been supportive of the PPP since its origin and was originally slated to have the position to which Florencio Salazar originally assigned. After the dust settles, the IDB will begin discussions with the Derbez and jaquin about advancing PPP. However, the IDB underscored the decline in confidence that they perceive the Mexican government having toward PPP.

Future consultations, the IDB asserted, cannot be based on “blah, blah, blah”. They must be based on facts. In other words, the IDB will focus the next round of meetings on concrete details of the PPP and not on rumors or issues that the IDB understands as external to the PPP.

Amy of BIC countered that the IDB was responsible for the “blah, blah” character of the initial consultations, mentioning problems noted at the consultations in Belize. Antinori countered that the IDB evaluates the Belize consultation as a “extreme success” and that groups critical of the IDB’s approach should treat them with more respect, basing critiques on facts.

Amy (BIC) asked if Marcelo considered the meeting to be “successful” in the sense that the June 5th Belize meeting was successful—ie, full of “superficial information…no presentation or projects were presented…the information was in Spanish.” Marcelo again stated his opinion that the meeting with the indigenous people was successful, and that he was “…not aware of a single complaint.” An exchange over the issue of translation (the December 18th Progress Reports in Spanish on the website; the English translations—the language of Belize—were not yet ready) underscored the disagreement about the interpretation of the effectiveness of the first round of consultations.

Marcelo noted that in Mexico, there were not “planned actions”, and that “…this is a problem.” He reiterated that they can’t have great expectations about the ICP there, because there is no clear shape.

Addressing Marcelo, Vicki (WOLA) commented that she was impressed by the consultation materials available to critique the first round of consultations. She asked what the IDB is going to do with the ICP now? Will there be follow-up to the first round of consulations? Are there financial and technical resources available for the second round of PPP consultations? Antinori suggested that resources were most limited in Belize, Costa Rica and Panama. Marcelo noted, “Jorge [Sapoznikow] will provide it (action plan). We have the financial, technical, and staff resources to do the second phase in Central America.”

Referring to the second round of meetings in Central America, Marcelo mentioned that in Nicaragua and Guatemala, “…no doubt about it, they have a plan [ICP].” The ICP is being prepared in country (suggestion that preparation is independent of the IDB) by Commissioner Ernesto Leal in Nicaragua and Commissioner Raul Archila in Guatemala. El Salvador represents the greatest challenge at the moment due to the polarization surrounding the legislative elections.

The SICA office in El Salvador, as of January, 2003, has a full time staff working on PPP issues. Salvador Navarette, previously of the BCIE. His task is to prepare a regional strategy for the ICP focusing on improved methods of information disclosure to civil society. Panamá now assumes the Presidency of the PPP (rotates every six months), and has established a PPP office. He said that they will start work on regional ICP strategy, but that he doesn’t see progress in Panama. In three months they might have a strategy, but not in Belize or El Salvador. Marcelo explained that it would take more time there because the relationship between the government and the NGO’s was more “green” (ie, less developed).” The delay in Belize, however, was due to the elections.

Patricia (World Vision) asked about the hydroelectric dams associated with the PPP.

Marcelo observed that the PPP is frequently—and wrongly—accused of comprising “large projects and dams.” Antinori denied that there are any “mega-projects” in PPP, with the exception of SIEPAC. Roads are limited to mostly rehabilitation, not major new roads (with exception of 48 km in Costa Rica). The IDB has consistently contended that SIEPAC is not about dams, but about a transmission line – which will cause very little displacement. Antinori stated that “…the only large project is SIEPAC,” and expressed interest in finding a way to correct these misimpressions. He acknowledged that although PPP does include linking energy transmission grids, it does not include dams.

Patricia expressed concern for the most impoverished people living largely in rural areas and asked if they would have access to this energy. If they are displaced by the energy projects, will there be a way to give them land/compensation? What about rural roads, in addition to rehabilitation of major highways?

Marcelo differentiated between the two purposes of PPP:
Infrastructure and Integration. He noted that the PPP is the “integration of infrastructure” and that “…you won’t see a program for rural road or infrastructure…When we talk about roads, we are talking about rehabilitation” of principal highways. Rural roads are a national problem. Only infrastructure that promotes integration will be considered in PPP. He went on to say that as of December 18th, there were only 48 kilometers of new roads in PPP, and this did not involve any displacement of people. Marcelo emphasized the fact that there were “no new roads.” He stated that the “PPP has very minor, if any, impact on people [in terms of displacement].” He also stated that an environmental impact study had been done [FOR WHAT].

Infrastructure and Poverty Reduction. Marcelo agreed that the priority should be about “…how PPP affects poor people.” He noted that the IDB would finance two meetings: one on rural integration/ rural electrification, and that El Salvador would organize a meeting on telecommunications. However, “the only thing we’re not discussing is RURAL ROADS.”

Amy expressed that there is concern about a PPP road connecting Guatemala and Belize. Marcelo acknowledged that Amy was right and mentioned that they would have to conduct a referendum in both countries to settle the border dispute, which would take at least a year.

Vince (InterAction) differentiated between the cumulative effects and direct effects of a project like SIEPAC or a highway expansion, asking “to what extent the assessment go beyond the narrowly defined direct effects…to get to impacts, risks, advantages vs. disadvantages of the medium term consequences of a regional energy market. If the cumulative impact of SIEPAC is addressed in a consultation, it becomes impossible to delink a transmission line from new energy generation capacity and from energy policy in general. This is why we continue to hear concerns linking SIEPAC with the prospect of dams on the Usumacinta River for example. Will the IDB enable a debate about these policy issues in discussing SIEPAC?

[In a subsequent conversation with Diego Belmonte, the IDB response to this argument about cumulative vs. direct impact assessment is a skepticism that any methodology permits an accurate estimation of the cumulative impact of a mega project. Diego referred to others who have suggested that a methodology does permit a cumulative impact assessment (Harvard, Berkeley), but he is suspicious about how valid these tools are. The IDB seems to remain unconvinced that anything but the impact of the 100 meter right of way for a 220 kV transmission line is worth examining in depth.]

Mention of other upcoming PPP meetings.

Central American Ministers of Environment met last Thursday (1.9.03) in Panama to agree to prepare a Memorandum of Understanding on cooperation toward attempting to prepare a Global Environmental Assessment of PPP. This proposal has been pushed by CCAD (Mauricio Castro). Marcelo stated that the CCAD was in charge because they want to be able to have independent people to say that this “is ok”. Also, Marcelo expressed their willingness to respond to any letters or meetings—ie, if we identify a forum, “we will do it.”
Organized labor has requested a meeting with the IDB to discuss the impact of SIEPAC on unions associated with the energy sector. Central American affiliates of Public Services International have organized the event in San Jose, Costa Rica on Feb. 7, with the participation of Marcelo Antinori and Teofilo de la Torre of the SIEPAC Project Executive Unit.

CICA Meeting, Feb. 10-12, Managua to discuss indigenous organization perspective and possible participation within PPP. A draft document of project proposals has been submitted by CICA to the IDB, including the formation of an Intercultural Education Program, Indigenous Courts, and a Fondo Indigena. The ethnotourism initiative exemplifies an area of the PPP that is not emanating from the Commissioners or the demand of the Central American countries, but is promoted mostly by the IDB.

Susan (SHARE) brought up the issue of El Salvador not allowing access to the government; Representatives of the communities around San Salvador who would be affected by the anillo periferico wrote a letter in October to Luis Vergara, IDB Country Representative in El Salvador, requesting a meeting to discuss the project. There has been no response. Antinori responded that he has taken the political decision to forbid anyone at the IDB to discuss the anillo periferico until after the March elections because it is too politically sensitive among the mayors. The IDB has been requested by the Salvadoran government to lead a discussion about the anillo periferico, but Antinori has conditioned that option on receipt of the overall environmental impact study and the second study on the project’s effects on area volcanic lands. Instead, the IDB has focused its support on improvement of the San Salvador bus corridor. There is a loan in preparation to streamline the transit of public transportation through the AMSS. There is a precedent for the proposed project in Brazil.

2. PPP, Competitiveness and Trade Facilitation

Mario Berrios offered a brief summary of the trade facilitation approach within the PPP. The FTAA process is on hold in Central America, with the CAFTA dominating the agenda. There is convergence between the Trade Facilitation Initiative within the PPP and the IDB Integration and Regional Programs Division. Each country will have support in the negotiations (Trade Capacity Building Assistance), but the IDB will help in some countries more than others. In Honduras, USAID will lead, ECLAC in other countries, etc.

In PPP, competitiveness involves supporting the small and microenterprise sector (SME) access export markets, to integrate with the global economy. In the first trimester of 2003, a workshop with Centromype (which the IDB created in 2002), INCAE and academic. The goal of the workshop is help the Central America SMEs formulate a regional action plan (?). To form clusters…

Patricia and Vince asked why the IDB was focused exclusively on capacity building for export promotion and not for improving the relative position of SMEs within respective domestic markets. CRS has helped tomato growers in Morazan sell tomatoes to La Dispensa Don Juan in San Salvador. There are 700 supermarkets in Central America (Patricia) that are increasingly owned by foreign capital. Why is the correction of the structure of national markets not the focus of capacity building?

3. Desarollo Sostenible y Humano: Seguimiento a los Compromisos de Merida

In terms of Antinori – PPP isn’t able to meet your expectations, can’t do everything.

Education & Health

The Central American Ministers of Education signed an MOU to define projects and funding in education. Commissioners are considering a second MOU to address harmonization of educational achievement targets. See “Acuerdo para la Creación de la Comisión de Acreditación y Promoción de Proyectos Educativos para la Region Mesoamericana (CAPP), 12 Nov. 2002

IDB is providing technical assistance to improve national targets in national public goods

Iglesias asked us to look at the MDGs, we are doing that ???

In health, there is an MOU for a project to prevent contagious disease, agreement implementation is contingent on whether Mex Min Health gets appointed to WHO.

In coming weeks, Ernesto Leal (Nicaraguan PPP Commissioner) will be inviting CA Ministers of Agriculture to prepare an action plan in Agriculture. This will be the first concrete effort since the Merida Summit that addresses the pledge to the Rural Development commitments in PPP.

Agriculture too sensitive to deal with in PPP. Land insecurity is another issue that is too politically intractable to deal with in PPP.

In the Tourism Initiative, the IDB is promoting a hotel concept in which the indigenous organizations would be co-owners, reservation services would be handled by Marriott International. It would be a for-profit venture, thus funded by the IDB’s Private Sector arm (PRI). There is a preliminary identification of 13 sites in Central America and Mexico that are potential hotel sites, of these only 6 will be financed (estimate).

[In a related event, the IDB launched the Mundo Maya Initiative – laying out $150 million for the first phase of eco/ethno tourism projects in the Mesoamerican region. See attached press release below.]

[Salvador Figueroa, Belize Commissioner to the PPP and head of the Tourism Initiative, resigned to run for office in the coming elections].

4. Update on SIEPAC

The final SIEPAC loan was approved by the Salvadoran National Assembly in early December. There were two votes on the loan ($40 million IDB loan to finance transmission line in each Central American country). Resistance within in the Assembly had forced the IDB to offer an extension on Nov. 28th, after one year passed since the IDB board approved the loan but the Assembly had not approved it. The first vote failed, the second passed. The FMLN abstained on both votes [? CONFIRM DETAILS]. Antinori argued that SIEPAC was delayed held up by concern about the consumer benefits of regional energy markets. The Center for the Defense of the Consumer in El Salvador was one organization that lobbied effectively until the IDB advocacy push to condition approval of the SIEPAC loan on the reforming domestic market regulation of electricity transactions. BN Americas reported that the IDB took the unusual step of holding a forum in El Salvador in November to set out arguments in favor of approval of SIEPAC and persuade opposition Parliamentarians to approve the loan. Antinori said he met with the consumer advocacy group (?) in El Salvador, and lobbied Salvadoran politicians to vote in favor of the loan in a visit to El Salvador in December. Antinori persuaded the vote by signaling that the IDB would not engage any discussion of internal regulations of the electricity market in El Salvador until after the March elections. The best case scenario is that SIEPAC will be operating by Dec. 2004. A strategic window of support for the SIEPAC project is threatened by the Guatemalan elections in 2005.

On dams, while the IDB claims there is no direct link between SIEPAC and dams, the IDB sees nothing wrong with more dams. The additional dams planned for the Usumacinta River and the Peten are under consideration for exporting energy to Mexico. Boruca dam in Costa Rica is proceeding. Antinori has plans to visit the region affected by Boruca. There are questions about the function of the AES El Faro natural gas plant in Honduras (capacity to export to El Salvador).

There is no movement on natural gas lines to the region. Enron conducted a feasibility study for constructing an underwater gas line from Colombia-Venezuela to Central America, where it would be transformed and the energy would ultimately be exported to Mexico.

5. Roads Update

The December meeting of the PPP Roads Technical Commission proposed two new roads. One connects Puerto Limon, Costa Rica and Managua, passing to the South side of the Masaya Lake.

Observations:

Turnover of Commissioners is a key obstacle to advancing the PPP. There were delays prior to the recent elections in Honduras, Nicaragua and Costa Rica. There is another perceived window of opportunity that begins to close with the upcoming elections (and likely appointment of new Commissioners) in Belize, El Salvador and Guatemala. Of these, Guatemala is perhaps the most significant.

The IDB has maintained that PPP is not a closed process, but that any integration promoting project may be considered for funding. The IDB has attempted to limit the projects that might be considered under PPP as those authentically promoting regional integration. Excluded are those that address exclusively national problems. Looking more closely at this criteria, one begins to see an arbitrary application of this criteria that seems to legitimize a predetermined agenda rather than sponsor a creative debate about what integration really means.

Harmonization of road standards is considered a legitimate regional issue. Highways are considered, but rural roads are not. Agriculture is considered a national issue, not a regional one despite the absence of various regional public goods that prevent small rural producers from competing. The IDB defends its narrow acceptance criteria with the caveat that they are addressing national problems with national loans.


IDB Press Release: Jan 16. 2002 on the Mundo Maya Initiative


***

Recent article posted in Mexico newspaper on dams along the Usumacinta River http://www.tabascohoy.com.mx/th/nuevo/notas/notas.php?nid=28120 PAGINA TRES
Decidirán jueces hidroeléctricas
* CIEPAC y ONG's buscan amparo internacional contra obras en el Usumacinta
* Inundarán 425 kilómetros cuadrados de territorio mexicano, advierten ecologistas
Miguel Avendaño-Murillo
Tabasco HOY/Investigación Especial
SEGUNDA PARTE
Alto Usumacinta, Guatemala.- Ante los trabajos que la Comisión Federal de Electricidad (CFE) ha iniciado en la zona del Alto Usumacinta para generar energía eléctrica para Centroamérica a través de cinco represas, diversas organizaciones civiles tramitan un amparo internacional para impedir la construcción de dichas obras que afectarán zonas arqueológicas, desplazarán a un millón de personas, afectará la Biósfera Maya de Guatemala y Los Pantanos de Centla.
La primera organización no gubernamental mexicana que ha dado seguimiento a las obras que la CFE realiza en Chiapas en las vegas del Usumacinta es el Centro de Investigaciones Económicas y Políticas de Acción Comunitaria, Asociación Civil (CIEPAC), todo ello en coordinación con el Frente Petenero Contra las Represas de Guatemala para realizar trabajos enfocados a la concientización mundial para que no se `ahorque' al último gran caudal nacional.
"Estamos en estudio de todas las tesis sobre el tema para poder tener los argumentos legales que nos permitan ganar el amparo internacional contra la construcción de las represas sobre el Usumacinta y sus afluentes, además de otros ríos de menor caudal de los altos de Chiapas que se suman al proyecto hidroeléctrico de Boca del Cerro", dice en entrevista Gustavo Castro Soto, integrante del CIEPAC.
Unificación eléctrica objetivos del PPP
En una epístola dirigida a Raúl Archila, Ministro de Energía y Minas de Guatemala por los habitantes de las comunidades del Usumacinta, Pasión y Salinas con fecha 24 de Septiembre de 2002 donde se oponen a la construcción, plantean que en el marco del Plan Puebla Panamá (PPP) se contempla la iniciativa Mesoamericana de Interconexión Energética, con el objetivo de interconectar mercados eléctricos regionales y que en la página web de la CFE (www.cfe.gob.mx) se plantea entre los retos a lograr en el 2003, el inicio de la construcción de una hidroeléctrica con capacidad de 3,978 MW sobre el Usumacinta, único en la zona con caudal suficiente para un proyecto de esta magnitud, situación que ha sido modificada con la misma capacidad pero con cinco represas contempladas en siete grandes proyectos.
Según la CFE, "el proyecto internacional Boca del Cerro sobre el río Usumacinta tiene prioridad, requiriéndose para su consecución la decidida participación de los gobiernos de México y Guatemala... El proyecto Boca del Cerro se localizará a 9.5 kilómetros al suroeste de la ciudad de Tenosique, Tabasco. Consistiría en una presa de 135 metros de altura que formaría un lago artificial de 19 mil 550 millones de metros cúbicos de agua... 42% de la superficie del embalse (300 kilómetros cuadrados) se formaría en territorio guatemalteco"; ahora las cosas cambian con las construcción de diversas cortinas no mayores de 50 metros.
Al mismo tiempo el documento afirma que "es inaplazable contar con un plan de desarrollo intrarregional, tanto para aprovechar coordinadamente el Usumacinta y sus principales afluentes --Lacantún, Ixcán, Xactbal, Chixoy o Salinas y de La Pasión".
Esta afirmación, igual que el objetivo planteado para la interconexión energética en el PPP, refleja que los diferentes países constituyen un conjunto inseparable para el desarrollo de estos megaproyectos, y por lo tanto Guatemala conoce, aprueba e impulsa cualquier proyecto que en alguna medida tendrá un impacto en su territorio.
La carta al ministro de Energía de Guatemala informa que "El Plan de Reactivación Económica 2002 - 2004", presentado por el gobierno el día 11 de Junio del 2002, incluye varios planteamientos relacionados con la generación e interconexión eléctrica, entre los cuales se destaca la "promoción de la construcción y operación de proyectos hidroeléctricos medianos y grandes".
La misiva indica que funcionarios mexicanos del INAH refieren la existencia de un convenio de colaboración firmado en mayo entre el INAH y la CFE para "realizar las modificaciones necesarias en los trazos de los trabajos en subestaciones, líneas de transmisión y generación eléctrica" aplicable al proyecto hidroeléctrico en el Usumacinta.
Exigen información
Con estos antecedentes, los ecologistas chapines sostienen que el gobierno guatemalteco, junto a los otros gobiernos centroamericanos y el mexicano, impulsan el PPP y todas las iniciativas mesoamericanas propuestas.
Por lo tanto, el gobierno guatemalteco, y especialmente el Comisionado Presidencial del Plan Puebla Panamá, Raúl Archila, conocen a profundidad los proyectos del Puebla Panamá.
Agregan que cualquier proyecto hidroeléctrico comprende aguas internacionales y territorio de ambos países, por lo cual el gobierno de Guatemala debe tener conocimiento y una posición ante los planes concretos de aprovechamiento de las aguas, por lo que exigen sean difundidos los planos del proyecto auspiciado por la CFE mexicana.
Con estos argumentos Castro Soto, asegura que el abogado Miguel de los Santos, de la Red Comunitaria de los Derechos Humanos, con sede en San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas, está realizando los estudios para que la demanda sea interpuesta ante cortes internacionales europeas y la obra sea detenida ante el daño ecológico y patrimonial que causará en territorio tabasqueño, chiapaneco y guatemalteco.
Los ecologistas aseguran que existen antecedentes mundiales de lucha contra la construcción de represas hidroeléctricas, en términos de reparaciones para personas afectadas por represas pues ya existe un precedente en Panamá sobre el caso Bayano.
En el caso del Alto Usumacinta el amparo primero se tramitará ante a la Comisión Interamericana de Derechos Humanos.
Sí habrá daños: CIEPAC
Independientemente de que la CFE ya dijo que no se construirá una sola presa en Boca del Cerro, sino que serán cinco represas con cortinas no superiores a los 50 metros de altura bajo el argumento de evitar "daños considerables", CIEPAC asegura que el proyecto inundará 425 kilómetros cuadrados del territorio mexicano y 300 kilómetros del territorio guatemalteco, además de que las represas sobre el Usumacinta provocarían inundaciones donde se encuentran 300 sitios arqueológicos, entre ellos Piedras Negras, Yaxchilán y Altar de Sacrificios, asentamientos cooperativistas con más de 50 mil personas y la pérdida de millones de árboles de maderas preciosas y vida silvestre.

Posted by Dave at 12:20 PM
Rancho Esmeralda crisis

My apologies to Glen and Ellen - I've been in transit and out of touch. I'm just now catching up on email. The situation sounds horrible. I'll post this and keep reading my mail. I'm in Palenque now and will got to Ocosingo this week to see where thingfs stand.


Press Release
29 January 2003


Using pedestrian trail access Rancho Esmeralda has continued to function for almost
50 days since the Zapatistas of the community Nuevo Jerusalen began blocking the
ranch's access road and denying entry to tourists. Last night members of the
community attacked owner, Glen Wersch, on his return trip from town to drop off the
evening staff. They pelleted his vehicle with rocks, breaking window glass, and
tried to stop his vehicle although they failed to do this. The Zapatistas have now
put a lock on the illegal gate across the road and are denying access to everyone,
including the ranch owners and staff. Today the Zapatistas took one of Rancho
Esmeralda's staff members, Ernesto Cruz, hostage for over six hours. When they
released him he had been beaten. He has been attended to at the ranch by members of
the Cruz Roja. The Zapatistas have sent messages to the ranch owners demanding that
they leave, taking nothing with them. If they attempt to leave in their vehicles
the Zapatistas have said that they will burn them. They have threatened to hang the
ranch foreman, Valentin Perez, if they get ahold of him. The Zapatistas of Nuevo
Jerusalen have demanded a statement of capitulation from the owners by 1PM tomorrow.

The ranch owners have been in contact again with local and state officials. Owner
Ellen Jones lodged a "denuncia" this evening with the Ministerio Publico. However,
state officials will not issue an order so that the police can enter Rancho
Esmeralda and provide protection.

Posted by Dave at 12:05 PM